PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS AFFECTING THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BETA-BLOCKERS, CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS AND ANTIARRHYTHMIC MEDICINES

Qurbanova Gulnoza  Abdurayim qizi; Eshqobilov Ozodbek Abdusodiqovich

PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS AFFECTING THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BETA-BLOCKERS, CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS AND ANTIARRHYTHMIC MEDICINES

Authors

Qurbanova Gulnoza Abdurayim qizi Termez University of Economics and Service Teacher of the Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine e-mail: gulnozaqurbonova528@gmail.com ORCID: 0009-0002-4853-8937
Eshqobilov Ozodbek Abdusodiqovich Termez University of Economics and Service Assistant of the Department of Fundamental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine Email: ozotbekbestboy@gmail.com

Keywords:

cardiovascular pharmacology, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, antiarrhythmics, clinical significance

Abstract

This article analyzes three major cardiovascular pharmacological groups: beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers and antiarrhythmic agents. It uses an IMRAD narrative review design and connects mechanism of action with clinical significance, safety risks and health-system relevance. The results show that cardiovascular medicines are effective only when their pharmacodynamic profile is matched with disease mechanism, patient phenotype and monitoring needs. Uzbekistan-specific cardiovascular burden indicators are included to demonstrate why rational cardiovascular pharmacotherapy is a major public health issue.

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PHARMACOLOGICAL AGENTS AFFECTING THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM: CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF BETA-BLOCKERS, CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKERS AND ANTIARRHYTHMIC MEDICINES